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Chief Complaint: Differential Diagnosis of Red Eye: When to Refer and When to Manage

The “red eye” is a common presenting symptom in primary care, spanning a spectrum of conditions from benign to sight-threatening emergencies. Knowing how to differentiate these conditions quickly is key to providing safe, effective care. 

Katy Vogelaar, FNP-C
By Katy Vogelaar, FNP-C on
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Focus, Please: Adult ADHD in Primary Care

Adult ADHD is having a moment: patients are showing up with TikTok checklists, AI-generated “diagnoses,” and a lot of lived frustration. And honestly, that makes sense: untreated ADHD can look like chronic overwhelm, missed deadlines, “brain fog,” relationship conflict, and repeated experiences of feeling like you should be able to do things you can’t consistently execute. In primary care, the challenge is sorting out what’s ADHD, what’s a...

Michael Baca-Atlas, MD, FASAM
By Michael Baca-Atlas, MD, FASAM on
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More Than Words: What Pediatricians Need to Know About Deaf Culture and Communication

If you’ve ever felt unsure about how to care for a deaf or hard-of-hearing child, you’re in good company. Supporting these kids goes beyond hearing screens and referrals; it’s about understanding the unique culture, language, and communication needs that shape their world. The good news? You don’t need to be an expert in sign language to make a difference.

Parul Bhatia, MD
By Parul Bhatia, MD on
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Who Chooses the Treating Clinician? Understanding Direction of Care

Occupational medicine is rarely a "one size fits all” approach. For clinics and clinicians operating across state lines, managing workers' compensation isn't just a clinical challenge; it is a regulatory maze.

Erin Pressley, PA-C
By Erin Pressley, PA-C on
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Introducing Hippo Education’s Latest Video Course: Occupational Medicine Bootcamp

Picture this: you walk into a patient’s room with a chief complaint of lower back pain. Straightforward, right? Then the patient casually adds, “It started after I hurt my back at work.”

Erin Pressley, PA-C
By Erin Pressley, PA-C on
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Anemia in Adults: A Stepwise Approach to The Diagnosis

It happens all the time. You’re flipping through a patient’s labs before knocking on the exam room door, and — bam — anemia. Maybe they’re here for fatigue. Maybe it’s a routine visit. Either way, the lab is nudging you toward a bigger question: why?

Katy Vogelaar, FNP-C
By Katy Vogelaar, FNP-C on
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What’s the Deal with Weighted Vests?

If you’ve been outside in the past six months (or anywhere on social media), you’ve probably seen someone power-walking in a weighted vest. Weighted vests are no longer just for elite athletes or military fitness tests. These days, they're showing up on your patients, your friends, maybe even on you. Weighted vests are said to boost bone density, preserve muscle, improve balance, and even help with weight loss. But are these claims backed...

Ashley Greer PA-C
By Ashley Greer PA-C on
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Feel like you don’t know what you’re doing? Good.

“I feel like I suck, and I don’t know what I’m doing.”

Matthew Hall, CRNP
By Matthew Hall, CRNP on
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Lower Back Pain: Pearls, Pitfalls, and Practical Tips

Whether you are working in primary care, urgent care, or the emergency department, chances are you see a patient complaining of lower back pain during every shift. It’s one of the most common reasons patients seek care, but also a chief complaint that leads to over-testing, over-treating, and is one of the driving factors behind the opioid epidemic.

Matthew Hall, CRNP
By Matthew Hall, CRNP on
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Pediatric Vomiting and Dehydration: When to Hydrate and When to Transfer

Pediatric vomiting is one of those classic urgent care visits that can look completely harmless or quietly concerning. The moment you walk into the room, you are already calculating hydration status, the likelihood of tolerating oral fluids, and whether this is a “treat here” situation or a “transfer now” one. Fortunately, most kids do extremely well with oral rehydration therapy when we choose the right candidates and set them up with a...

Sarah Warren, PA-C
By Sarah Warren, PA-C on
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Legionnaires’ Disease and the Cluster Outbreak in NYC: Guidance for Clinicians

You're midway through a busy day when a patient walks in with “just another pneumonia” — fever, cough, perhaps shortness of breath. They mention recent travel to NYC. That should immediately raise the question: Could this be Legionnaires' disease?

Erin Pressley, PA-C
By Erin Pressley, PA-C on
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Pediatric Coding Tips: How to Maximize Payment for Everyday Visits

Karen Hovav, MD
By Karen Hovav, MD on
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